Cases

VAT

• Raymond has also been involved in the three leading ECJ cases on the exemption for special investment funds; most recently in the Wheels case, and earlier in Abbey National and J.P. Morgan;
• He also represented the UK before the ECJ in the Deutsche Bank case, as to whether portfolio management was exempt from VAT.
• Raymond was counsel for the UK before the ECJ in three of the leading cases on the exemption for payments and transfers (AXA Denplan; T-Mobile/Everything Everywhere and Nordea).
• He was also counsel in two recent important cases on single/multiple supplies (Airparks/Purple Parking and Field Fisher Waterhouse).
• Raymond has been involved in three of the leading cases on abuse of rights; Weald (Court of Appeal), Part Service (ECJ) and RBS Deutschland (ECJ).
• He has also been involved in two important ECJ cases on the operation of the Lennartz mechanism of up-front input tax deduction: Wollny and Land en Tuinbouw.
• Raymond represented the United Kingdom in the ECJ in the J.D. Wetherspoon case on rounding of output tax.
• Similarly, he has been involved in two leading ECJ cases on the scope of the gambling exemption; United Utilities and Tiercé Ladbroke.
• Furthermore, he has been involved in important cases on recovery of input tax on cars (Royscot and Upton), VAT on the supply of phonecards (Lebara), partial exemption (Credit Lyonnais), the tour-operators’ margin scheme (Ibero Tours), transfers of going concerns (X BV), the zero-rating of foods (Procter & Gamble) and the VAT status of universities (University of Cambridge), as well as penalties (Ceramika Paradyz and K-1) and place of supply (Gillan Beach and RCI).

Direct Tax

• Raymond has represented the United Kingdom in the two leading ECJ cases on cross-border tax treatment of charities; Stauffer and Persche.
• He has also represented the United Kingdom in two of the leading ECJ cases on cross-border tax treatment of groups of companies; Oy Esab and Fortum.
• He was counsel for the UK before the ECJ in three leading cases regarding deduction of losses; Krankenheim Ruhesitz, Foggia SGPS and A Oy.
• He was again counsel for the UK in two ECJ cases on taxation of foreign sourced dividends; Haribo and Van Caster.
• He was counsel for HMRC in the “Richard and Judy” case regarding deduction of agents’ fees from the taxable income of TV presenters and junior counsel in the Schofield tax avoidance case and the Lloyds TSB case regarding capital allowances on ships.

Employment Law

• Raymond has acted as junior for the Secretary of State over the whole of the Preston and Matthews claims brought by part-time workers seeking access to pension schemes;
• He has also appeared before the ECJ in the Impact case on the Fixed-Term Workers’ Directive.

Raymond is also a member of the Attorney General’s A Panel of Junior Counsel to the Crown

Raymond has both advised on and appeared before the Special Commissioners in a variety of direct tax cases involving income tax, corporation tax, capital gains tax and stamp duty. In particular, he was counsel for HMRC in the appeal brought by “Richard and Judy” over deduction of their agents’ fees from their taxable income: Madeley v. Revenue & Customs Commissioners [2006] STC (SCD) 513. Raymond was also junior counsel before the First-tier Tribunal, the Upper Tribunal and Court of Appeal in the Schofield tax avoidance case; [2012] STC 2019. He was again junior in Lloyds TSB [2012] UKFTT 47 (TC) on capital allowances for ships.

Cases

Raymond has also represented the United Kingdom in 12 direct tax cases before the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg:

• Case C-386/04 Stauffer [2006] ECR I-8203 – claim by Italian charity to benefits of charitable status in Germany;
• Case C-231/05 Oy AA  [2007] ECR I‑6373 – taxation of intra-group financial transfers between group companies in different Member States;
• Case C-240/06 Fortum [2007] ECR I-9413 – contribution of capital in the form of shares to a company established in another Member State;
• Case C-318/07 Persche, judgment of 27th January 2009 – claim by German donor to Portuguese charity for German tax relief on the donation.
• Case C-157/07 Krankenheim Ruhesitz, judgment of 23rd October 2008 – tax treatment of losses incurred by a permanent establishment situated in a Member State of the EEA and belonging to a company having its seat in a Member State of the European Union.
• Case C-96/08 CIBA – payment of a vocational training levy in Hungary in respect of employees employed in a branch in the Czech Republic.
• Case C-126/10 Foggia-SGPS – transfer of tax losses following a merger.
• Joined Cases C-436/08 and C-437/08 Haribo – taxation of foreign sourced dividends.
• Case C-39/10 Commission v. Estonia – personal allowances for foreign pensioners.
• Case C-417/10 3M Italia – whether settlement of direct tax cases contrary to EU law.
• Case C-123/11 A Oy – deductibility of losses on merger of companies in different Member States.
• Case C-326/12 Van Caster – taxation of income from foreign investment funds which do not provide returns to national tax authorities.

Raymond has appeared frequently in Employment Tribunals right across the country, ranging from Hull to Exeter, as well as in the Employment Appeal Tribunal. This has involved dealing with a similarly wide range of work, including claims for sex, race and disability discrimination, unfair dismissal, equal pay and claims brought under the Part-Time Workers’ Regulations.

He has 17 years of experience in dealing with claims by part-time workers for equal access to pension schemes. In particular, he has been junior counsel for the Secretary of State throughout the Preston series of claims, including appearing in the House of Lords and the European Court of Justice in Preston No. 1 [Case C-78/98; [1998] ICR 227 and [2000] ICR 961), as well as in the House of Lords in Preston No. 2 [2001] ICR 217 and Preston No. 3. [2006] 3 All ER 193. He was also junior counsel for the Secretary of State in the claims brought by retained firefighters under the Part-Time Workers’ Regulations: Matthews v. Kent & Medway Towns Fire Authority [2006] 2 All ER 171 and the claims brought by the Royal Irish Regiment (Home Service Part Time) on disbandment.

He also appeared as counsel for the United Kingdom in Case C-268/06 Impact [2008] ECR I‑2483, on the interpretation of the Fixed-Term Workers’ Directive.

Raymond has a wealth of experience handling a wide variety of cases in all courts from the ECJ to the VAT Tribunal, both for taxpayers and for HMRC. Indeed, he has appeared in over 50 Tribunal cases in London, Manchester and Edinburgh, as well as in sittings in Bristol, Cardiff, Plymouth and Truro, including most recently:

In AXA [2012] STC 754, Raymond represented HMRC before the Court of Appeal (on return of the case from the ECJ) on the question whether the UK had properly implemented the exception to the  payments exemption  for debt collection.

• He also recently represented HMRC before the Upper Tribunal in the Enterprise Inns case, which concerned the VAT treatment of the rent on a large chain of public houses.
• In the Bridport test case [2012] UKUT 272 (TCC), involving several hundred golf clubs, Raymond successfully argued before the Upper Tribunal that the question of whether “green fees” were exempt from VAT should be referred to the ECJ.
• Similarly, in Able UK, [2011] UKUT 193 (TCC), Raymond successfully persuaded the Upper Tribunal to refer a question on the exemption for supplies to NATO Armed Forces to the ECJ.
• He was also junior counsel for HMRC in Weald Leasing [Tribunal Decision V20003 (22/9/06) and High Court Judgement, [2008] STC 1601 – subsequently referred to the European Court of Justice – on abuse of rights;
• He also represented HMRC in V20205 Procter and Gamble (Tribunal decision, 10/5/07; High Court [2008] STC 2650; Court of Appeal; [2009] EWCA Civ 407), regarding the eligibility of Pringles for zero-rating;
• And he was counsel for HMRC in V20610 University of Cambridge (Tribunal decision of 12/3/08; High Court [2009] STC 1288), as to whether the University is a body governed by public law for the purposes of Article 13 of the Sixth Directive.

Raymond has also made written and/or oral submissions to the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg on behalf of the United Kingdom in the following 28 cases:

• Case C-169/04 Abbey National [2006] ECR I-4027, on the exemption for management of special investment funds;
• Case C-72/05 Wollny [2006] ECR I 8297, on the use of property forming part of the assets of a business for private purposes;
• Case C-210/04 FCE Bank [2006] ECR I 2803, on whether a fixed establishment of a company should be treated as a separate taxable person;
• Case C-114/05 Gillan Beach [2006] ECR I-2427, on the place of supply;
• Case C-89/05 United Utilities [2006] ECR I-6813, on whether the operation of a call centre fell within the gambling exemption;
• Case C-363/05 J.P. Morgan [2007] ECR I‑5517, on definition of special investment funds by Member States;
• Case C-168/06 Ceramika Paradyz, Order of 6th March 2007, on penalties for failure to account for VAT;
• Case C-425/06 Part Service  [2008] ECR I‑897, on abuse of rights;
• Joined Cases C-231/07 and C-232/07 Tiercé Ladbroke and Derby, on the scope of the gambling exemption;
• Case C-302/07 J.D. Wetherspoon, on rounding of output tax;
• Case C-515/07 Vereniging Noordelijke Land- en Tuinbouw Organisatie, on application of the Lennartz mechanism to non-capital goods and services;
• Case C-502/07 K-1, on penalties for failure to account for VAT;
• Case C-37/08 RCI, on place of supply of timeshare exchange services;
• Case C-242/08 Swiss Re Germany, on the transfer of a number of reinsurance contracts, for consideration, to a taxable person established in a third country.
• Joined Cases C-53/09 and C-55/09 LMUK and Baxi, on the VAT treatment of customer loyalty schemes.
• Case C-175/09 AXA Denplan, on the scope of the exemption for payments and transfers and the exclusion for debt collection.
• Case C-276/09 T-Mobile, on the exemption for payments and transfers.
• Case C-277/09 RBS Deutschland , regarding deduction of input tax on leased vehicles and abuse of rights.
• Case C-350/10 Nordea – whether the exemption for transfers and payments covered SWIFT messaging services.
• Case C-520/10 Lebara, as to VAT on the supply of phonecards.
• Case C-117/11 Airparks/Purple Parking, on single/multiple supplies and fiscal neutrality, in the context of transport services.
• Case C-225/11 Able UK, on the exemption for supplies made to visiting NATO forces.
• Case C-392/11 Field Fisher Waterhouse, on single/multiple supplies, in the context of leasing of property.
• Case C-388/11 Credit Lyonnais, as to whether the turnover of foreign branches was to be included in partial exemption calculations.
• Case C-424/11 Wheels, as to whether  the management of occupational pension funds was exempt on the basis that they were “special investment funds”.
• Case C-44/11 Deutsche Bank, whether portfolio management was exempt.
• Case C-651/11 X BV, on the transfer of a going concern.
• Case C-300/12 Ibero Tours, regarding calculation of the taxable amount under the tour operators’ margin scheme.
• Case C-42/14 – Wojskowa on the VAT treatment of service charges.

He was also junior counsel for the United Kingdom in Case C-305/97 Royscot [1999] ECR I-6671, on deduction of input tax on the purchase of cars by businesses.

Tax: Indirect Tax: “A very collaborative barrister, who remains calm and doesn’t get flustered by anything, as he’s so well prepared.” – Chambers UK, 2024

Leading junior in Tax: VAT and excise: ‘‘Raymond is a very diligent advocate. He is realistic and he does not inflate the merits of his case and is therefore a fair advocate.’’ – Legal 500, 2024

Tax: Indirect Tax: “Raymond Hill is technically excellent and hugely experienced in VAT matters.” “His understanding of the issues and his presentation before the court are first rate.” – Chambers UK, 2023

Leading junior in Tax: VAT and excise: ‘‘As well as a persuasive advocate, Raymond is extremely thorough and shows great attention to detail. He is well prepared and always manoeuvres his way around lengthy bundles with ease.’’ – Legal 500, 2023

Tax: Indirect Tax: “A pithy advocate who is able to present in such an authoritative way.” “He is thoroughly courteous and very able.” – Chambers UK, 2022

Leading junior in Tax: Corporate and VAT: ‘‘Raymond is greatly respected and highly experienced in tax cases, having been involved in many of the key precedents. Whilst a formidable opponent, it is always a pleasure to be working opposite him, as he is incredibly fair, knows his papers, has an excellent court manner and raises technically brilliant arguments. As a result he is an assiduous advocate and a challenging opponent to face.’’ – Legal 500, 2022

Tax: Indirect Tax: “A very fair opponent and a very capable lawyer.” “He is incredibly able and very good in court.” – Chambers UK, 2021

Leading junior in Tax: Corporate and VAT: ‘‘He is very calm under pressure and an excellent team player.’’ – Legal 500, 2021

Tax: Indirect Tax: “Technically excellent and hugely experienced in EU VAT matters.” “He really fights hard for his clients.” – Chambers UK, 2020

Leading junior in Tax: Corporate and VAT: ‘‘He is diligent, well informed and extremely clever.’’ – Legal 500, 2020

Tax: Indirect Tax: “His knowledge of European case law in particular is outstanding. He invariably gets to the heart of any dispute quickly. He has a very sensible, measured approach and is excellent with clients.” “Very bright and very user-friendly.” – Chambers UK, 2019

Leading junior in Tax: Corporate and VAT: ‘‘He is very calm under pressure and an excellent team player.’’ – Legal 500, 2018

Tax: Indirect Tax: “A great lawyer and a true gent. He is unassuming, effective and works incredibly hard building up a case.” “Possessed of a certain gravitas, he is unflappable, a very clear thinker and vastly experienced in VAT.” – Chambers UK, 2018

Leading junior in Tax: Corporate and VAT: ‘‘A calm and approachable junior, who is able to think through all the angles.’’ – Legal 500, 2017

Tax: Indirect Tax: “He is fair, able and knowledgeable about VAT. He is a very, very pleasant and an honourable opponent.” “He was able to really give the client the advice they needed.” – Chambers UK, 2017

Leading junior in Tax: VAT: “HMRC trusts him with high-value cases.” – Legal 500, 2016.

Tax: Indirect Tax: “Raymond Hill has a vast legal mind.” “He knows his stuff and puts it together well on paper.” – Chambers UK, 2016

”He is able to marshal enormous amounts of facts and law at lightning pace.” Leading junior in Tax VAT Law. Legal 500, 2015

Tax: Indirect Tax: “He has a calm demeanour and gets to the heart of the matter.” “On his feet he’s unflappable and is adept at handling interventions whether they be from the Bench or from his opponents.” – Chambers UK, 2015

‘He is clear and concise in his arguments.’ Raymond Hill is a recommended leading Junior in Tax: Corporate and VAT. Legal 500, 2014

Under Tax: Indirect Tax:A specialist in VAT and indirect taxation cases. who regularly acts on behalf of the Revenue. Much of his activity takes place at the ECJ, and he has handled a number of significant VAT disputes. “A barrister who’s easy to deal with and who has strong technical expertise.”Chambers UK, 2014

Raymond Hill is a recommended leading Junior in Tax: Corporate and VAT. Legal 500, 2013

“Raymond Hill regularly presents VAT cases to the European Court of Appeal. Commentators say that he is “very thoughtful and responsive, and won’t be rushed into giving the wrong advice.”” Chambers UK, 2013

Raymond Hill is a recommended leading junior in Tax: Corporate and VAT Law. Legal 500, 2012

“Raymond Hill is described by sources as a “very thoughtful and practical barrister,” who is particularly good on EU-related VAT matters.” – Chambers UK, 2012

Under Tax: corporate and VAT the Legal 500, 2010 states that ‘of the juniors the very user friendly and clever Raymond Hill is well regarded’.

BA (Jurisprudence), First Class Honours – University College,Oxford; LL.M in European Legal Studies with Distinction – University of Exeter

Raymond has A level standard French and German and O Level standard Spanish.